Diethyl Malonate
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Diethyl Malonate

Huihuang Chemical

Diethyl Malonate
Specifications

HS Code

741535

Chemical Formula C7H12O4
Molar Mass 160.17 g/mol
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor Faint, pleasant odor
Density 1.055 g/cm³ at 20 °C
Boiling Point 198–199 °C
Melting Point -50 °C
Solubility In Water Slightly soluble
Solubility In Organic Solvents Soluble in ethanol, ether, chloroform
Flash Point 85 °C
Refractive Index 1.4135 (20 °C)
Packing & Storage
Packing Diethyl Malonate in 5 - liter plastic containers, well - sealed for safe storage.
Storage Diethyl malonate should be stored in a cool, dry, well - ventilated area away from heat sources and open flames. Keep it in tightly - sealed containers to prevent evaporation and contamination. Store it separately from oxidizing agents and strong bases as it can react with them. Ideal storage temperature is around 2 - 8°C in a dedicated chemical storage facility.
Shipping Diethyl malonate is shipped in tightly - sealed, corrosion - resistant containers. It's classified as a non - dangerous chemical in normal conditions. Shipment follows standard regulations, ensuring protection from physical damage and environmental exposure during transit.
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Diethyl Malonate Diethyl Malonate Diethyl Malonate
General Information
Historical Development
"On the Historical Development of Diethyl Malonate"
Diethyl Malonate (Diethyl Malonate), its rise in matter, is of particular significance in the history of chemistry. In the past, chemists studied the mysteries of matter and unremitting exploration. After years of study, this compound was obtained. At the beginning, its understanding was still shallow, only a little understanding of its basic properties.
With the passage of time and the advancement of science and technology, scholars have deepened their research on diethyl malonate. Examining its structure, exploring its reaction mechanism, and gradually showing its extraordinary function in the field of organic synthesis. It can create various compounds with it, creating a new path for medicine, materials and other industries.
Looking at its development process, it is like the stars gradually gathering, and the brilliance is becoming more and more prosperous. Since its initial ignorance, it has been widely used today. It is the brainchild of countless chemists and adds a bright chapter to the history of chemistry.
Product Overview
"Description of Diethyl Malonate"
Diethyl malonate, English for Diethyl Malonate, is a crucial reagent in organic synthesis. Its appearance is a colorless and transparent liquid with a weak aromatic odor.
The structure of this compound contains two ethyl ester groups and a malonic acid unit in the center. Due to its special structure, it endows it with many unique chemical properties. Under basic conditions, the methylene hydrogen in diethyl malonate is acidic and can be easily taken away by alkalis to generate carbon negative ions. This carbon negative ion is highly reactive and can react with many compounds such as halogenated hydrocarbons, aldones and ketones, and is widely used in the field of organic synthesis.
Diethyl malonate is often used in the synthesis of various carboxylic acids, heterocyclic compounds, etc. It has significant applications in medicinal chemistry, fragrance chemistry and other industries. It is a key raw material for organic synthetic chemistry and has made great contributions to the development of the chemical field.
Physical & Chemical Properties
Diethyl acid ethyl ester is a commonly used raw material in organic synthesis. Its physical and chemical properties are particularly important. Looking at its physical properties, it is a colorless and transparent liquid at room temperature, has an aromatic smell, and is soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and ether, and slightly soluble in water. This property is crucial in the process of separation and purification.
In terms of its chemical properties, diethyl acid ethyl ester can undergo hydrolysis reaction. Under acidic or basic conditions, ester bonds break to form corresponding acids and alcohols. It can also participate in esterification reactions, and alcohols can form new ester compounds under the action of catalysts. These reactions are widely used in the field of organic synthesis and can prepare various ester products.
Due to its unique physical and chemical properties, this compound has many applications in the fragrance, medicine, coating and other industries. It is an indispensable material for chemical research and industrial production.
Technical Specifications & Labeling
"On the Technical Specifications and Labeling of Diethyl Malonate (Commodity Parameters) "
Diethyl Malonate, the preparation method, using malonate and ethanol as materials, through the process of esterification. Its pure quality is a colorless and transparent liquid with a faint fragrance.
Looking at its technical specifications, the specific gravity is under a certain temperature, and the refractive index also conforms to a specific value. Its boiling point and melting point are precisely defined. The amount of impurities is strictly controlled in trace amounts.
The key to the label, on the packaging, must state its name "diethyl malonate", marked with the chemical formula $C_7H_ {12} O_4 $. Repeat the warning language to clarify its nature, such as flammable, irritating, etc. Product parameters detail the purity, water content, acidity and other values, so that users can clarify their quality and meet the needs of various applications.
Preparation Method
Method for preparing diethyl malonate
To make diethyl malonate, the raw materials and production process, reaction steps and catalytic mechanism are very critical.
The first raw material is chloroacetic acid and sodium carbonate as the starting point, and sodium chloroacetate can be obtained through neutralization. The two reactions, such as "Huainan Zi Shuoshan Xun", say "things are formed by waiting for each other", and the two interact to lay the foundation for the subsequent reaction.
In addition, the production process, sodium chloroacetate reacts with sodium cyanide to produce sodium cyanoacetate, which is the step of nitrification. Then sodium cyanoacetate is hydrolyzed and esterified to obtain diethyl malonate. This process is like a "nine-layer platform, starting from the accumulated soil", building the structure of the product step by step.
The reaction steps are rigorous and orderly, and the reaction conditions of each step need to be precisely controlled. Such as temperature, time and other factors, a slight difference will affect the product.
In terms of catalytic mechanism, different steps may require specific catalysts to accelerate the reaction and improve efficiency and yield. If you are skillful in craftsmanship and make good use of catalysts, you can get twice the result with half the effort. In this way, the preparation of diethyl malonate can be achieved.
Chemical Reactions & Modifications
Diethyl Malonate is an essential organic product. Its modification should be changeable, and the way of modification is also wide.
To observe its chemical reaction, it often encounters with alkali and dissociates the ester group, and its activity is greatly increased. It can be nucleophilic substituted with halogenated hydrocarbons to obtain hydrocarbon-based products. It can also be condensed with aldosterone to construct complex carbon frames, which are all common ways of its transformation.
If you want to modify it, you can introduce special groups into its structure. The modified Diethyl Malonate has both physical and chemical properties. If a polar group is introduced, its water solubility can be increased; if a rigid group is added, its thermal stability can be changed. From this perspective, the study of Diethyl Malonate and modification is of great value in the field of organic synthesis, and can pave the way for the creation of new materials and drug research and development, with promising prospects.
Synonyms & Product Names
"The Name of Diethyl Malonate"
Diethyl malonate, which is called "Diethyl Malonate" in Western. The release of its name should be investigated in terms of its essence and origin.
In terms of this name, "malonate" is covered because its molecule has the structure of malonate. Malonic acid is named because its carbon chain contains three carbons and carboxyl groups at both ends. And "diethyl ester" refers to the ester group obtained by esterification of the two carboxyl groups of malonate and ethanol.
In chemical substances, its heteronym is also found. Or from its nature and use, or because of its production method. However, the root of the investigation revolves around the chemical structure and characteristics of diethyl malonate.
This substance is widely used in the field of organic synthesis. It can be used as an intermediate to produce a variety of compounds. Although its name is simple, it actually contains deep meaning of chemical structure and function. Although the names are different, they all refer to this substance, which is a must for chemical researchers.
Safety & Operational Standards
Specifications for the safety and operation of diethyl malonate products
Diethyl malonate (Diethyl Malonate), an important chemical product, is also widely used in the field of organic synthesis. In order to ensure its safe and smooth use, there must be strict safety and operation specifications.
#1. Storage rules
Diethyl malonate, when placed in a cool, dry and well ventilated place. Avoid open flames and hot topics to avoid the risk of explosion. Its reservoir must be well sealed to prevent its volatilization and leakage. And it should be stored separately with oxidants and alkalis to avoid biochemical reactions.
#2. How to use
When taking diethyl malonate, be sure to provide appropriate protection. Operators need to wear protective clothing, goggles and chemical protection gloves to prevent it from touching the body and entering the eyes. When taking it, it is advisable to use clean and dry utensils, take it according to the amount, do not waste it, and avoid spillage.
#3. Course of operation
When using diethyl malonate, the workplace should be well ventilated to remove combustible steam. When heating, it is advisable to use a water or oil bath to control the temperature smoothly and avoid its overheating and decomposition. If the reaction is involved, it must be operated strictly according to the established process and parameters, carefully observe the reaction situation, and encounter abnormal speed.
#4. Emergency measures
If diethyl malonate accidentally leaks, the first thing to do is to evacuate everyone, isolate the scene, and ban fire and electricity. Operators wear protective equipment and use inert materials such as sand and vermiculite to absorb and contain, and can also rinse with a lot of water. If it touches the body, take off the dyed clothes quickly and rinse with a lot of water; if it enters the eyes, turn the eyelids upright, and seek medical attention with water buffer. If ingested by mistake, do not urge vomiting, and send to the hospital for rescue quickly.
The safety and operation specifications of diethyl furomalonate are related to personal safety and the smooth production. All practitioners must remember to do it with confidence and do not slack off.
Application Area
On the application field of diethyl malonate
Diethyl malonate is useful in various fields. In the field of pharmaceutical preparation, it is a key raw material. Through a series of reactions, many drugs with good curative effect can be prepared. In a specific way, it can combine with other compounds to construct a molecular structure with therapeutic effect, such as synthesizing some antipyretic and analgesic drugs to help the world relieve pain.
In the field of organic synthesis, it also occupies an important place. To build the cornerstone of complex organic molecules. Chemists can design and implement a variety of synthetic pathways with their unique chemical properties. For example, in the synthesis of fragrances, by participating in the reaction, it can give fragrances a unique aroma, making the aroma more mellow and charming.
And in the manufacture of agricultural chemicals, it also contributes. It can participate in the synthesis of some pesticides, enhance the insecticidal and bactericidal efficiency of pesticides, ensure the healthy growth of crops, and protect the harvest of agriculture. From this perspective, diethyl malonate plays an indispensable role in the application fields of medicine, organic synthesis, and agriculture.
Research & Development
Our research focuses on the research and development of Diethyl Malonate. This substance is quite useful in the field of organic synthesis. Its preparation method has been mentioned by predecessors, but there is still room for improvement.
Our generation has dedicated themselves to studying, wanting its synthesis path to be simpler and more efficient. After repeated experiments, we have observed the influence of different conditions, hoping to improve the yield and optimize the quality. And consider its role in various reactions, and explore the possibility of expanding its application.
We are well aware that the road of research and exploration is long, but we are determined to make achievements in the research and development of Diethyl Malonate, adding bricks and mortar to the field of chemistry, so as to promote the prosperity of its industry.
Toxicity Research
The study of poisons is crucial to the health of people's livelihood. When studying the toxicity of Diethyl Malonate today, we should carefully examine its nature and investigate its source.
Diethyl Malonate is also a chemical substance. Although it may be used in industry, etc., the toxicity cannot be ignored. Study it with ancient methods to observe the signs of its entry into the body and its effect on the object. Or touch the skin, you can see the appearance of discomfort; if it enters the mouth and nose, you may have injuries to the viscera.
The depth of toxicity also depends on the amount. Less is less harmful, and more is more serious. Therefore, when studying the toxicity of this substance, it is necessary to accurately measure and record the observation in detail. It is expected to be clear about its harm, thinking that it is a preparation for prevention, to ensure the safety of everyone, and to avoid the danger of poisons.
Future Prospects
Diethyl Malonate is also a product of transformation. Its undeveloped development can be looked forward to. This product is in the field of synthesis, and its use is not yet available. It may not be able to be used in new research steps to help. It is also expected to promote the birth of new materials in the realm of material science.
Translators, study its properties, explore its inverse effects, hoping to make its function more effective. Or can be refined to study its synthesis method, so that its quantity can increase and cost can be reduced. In this way, Diethyl Malonate will be able to develop its capabilities in all walks of life, and it will be able to develop its undeveloped potential. Add more and more watts, and help the world. The future is bright.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the main uses of diethyl malonate?
Diethyl malonate, or diethyl malonate, is a crucial raw material in organic synthesis and has a wide range of uses.
First, it is often used in the synthesis of various drugs. Because drug synthesis often requires the construction of a specific chemical structure, and the special chemical properties of diethyl malonate can make it go through a series of reactions and convert it into a key part of the drug molecule. For example, in the preparation of some antipyretic and analgesic drugs, this is used as the starting material. By condensation and substitution with other reagents, a complex drug molecular skeleton is gradually built, and the required drug is finally prepared.
Second, in the field of fragrance synthesis, diethyl malonate also plays an important role. The synthesis of fragrances pays attention to the uniqueness and purity of the aroma, and the substance can be used as an intermediate for the synthesis of various fragrances. Through ingenious chemical reactions, a specific structure is given to the fragrance, resulting in a pleasant aroma. For example, when synthesizing some fragrances with fruit aroma, diethyl malonate can be used as a basic raw material, and through a series of transformations, it can be prepared to simulate the natural fruity fragrance products, which are widely used in food, cosmetics and other industries.
Third, in the synthesis of dyes, it is also indispensable. Dyes need to have a specific color and stability. Diethyl malonate can react with different aromatic compounds to construct dye molecules with a specific conjugate structure. This conjugate structure determines the color and light stability of the dye, so as to meet the diverse needs of dyes in textile, printing and dyeing industries.
Furthermore, it is used to synthesize a variety of organic compounds. Because its molecular structure contains active methylene, alkylation, acylation and other reactions can occur, providing an effective way for the synthesis of various complex organic compounds. Organic synthesis chemists often use this as a starting point to prepare organic compounds with different structures through carefully designed reaction routes, promoting the development of the field of organic chemistry.
What are the physical properties of diethyl malonate?
Diethyl malonate is a commonly used reagent in organic synthesis. Its physical properties are quite important and play a key role in many chemical synthesis reactions.
This substance is a colorless and transparent liquid with a weak fragrance at room temperature and pressure. It is clear and free of impurities. The boiling point is about 199.3 ° C. This boiling point characteristic allows it to realize gas-liquid conversion under specific temperature conditions, making it easy to distinguish from other substances in separation operations such as distillation. The melting point is about -50 ° C, indicating that when the temperature drops to this point, it will change from liquid to solid.
The density of diethylmalonate is about 1.055g/cm ³, which is slightly heavier than that of water. Due to its density characteristics, in experimental operations involving liquid-liquid separation, its location can be judged according to the stratification situation.
Furthermore, its solubility also has characteristics. It is soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and ether, but slightly soluble in water. This difference in solubility provides a basis for its application in different reaction systems. For example, in organic synthesis reactions, if the reaction needs to be carried out in the organic phase, ethanol and the like can be selected as a solvent to promote full contact between diethylmethylmalonate and other organic reactants, so that the reaction can occur smoothly. In some scenarios where it needs to be separated from the reaction system, it can be separated from water-soluble impurities by means of aqueous phase extraction, and then the purpose of purification can be achieved.
What are the chemical properties of diethyl malonate?
Diethyl methylene diacetate (diethyl malonate) is a crucial raw material in organic synthesis. Its chemical properties are unique and worthy of investigation.
Diethyl malonate has an active α-hydrogen atom, which makes it easy to lose α-hydrogen under the action of strong bases and generate carbon negative ions. This carbon negative ion is like a strong "hero" with strong skills, and has strong nucleophilicity. It can react with many electrophilic reagents, such as halogenated hydrocarbons, aldodes, and ketones. For example, when meeting halogenated hydrocarbons, carbon negative ions will quickly attack the carbon atoms of halogenated hydrocarbons like a brave man, and the halogenated atoms will leave to form alkyl-substituted diethyl malonate. This reaction is like a delicate "chemical dance", providing an effective way to build carbon-carbon bonds.
Diethyl malonate can also participate in ester condensation reactions. Under the catalysis of alkaline catalysts such as sodium alcohol, two molecules of diethyl malonate interact, and one molecule of α-hydrogen condenses with another molecule of ester group, losing one molecule of ethanol and forming a dimer of diethyl malonate. This process is like an orderly "gathering", and the molecules are combined according to specific rules.
Hydrolysis and decarboxylation reactions are also important chemical properties of diethyl malonate. Under the catalysis of acid or base, diethyl malonate can be hydrolyzed and converted into malonic acid. Malonic acid is not stable, and it is easy to decarboxylate when heated. It loses a molecule of carbon dioxide and converts into the corresponding carboxylic acid. This series of reactions is like a clever "transformation game", allowing the compound to be continuously converted.
In addition, diethyl malonate can still react with metal-organic reagents, such as in combination with Grignard reagents, to generate more complex organic compounds, adding new members to the "treasure house" of organic synthesis.
In conclusion, diethyl malonate plays a pivotal role in the field of organic synthesis with its active α-hydrogen and ester-related reactivity, acting like a master key to open the door to the synthesis of many organic compounds.
What are the synthesis methods of diethyl malonate?
The synthesis method of diethyl malonate has been studied by the ancients for a long time, and it is described today.
First, malonic acid and ethanol are used as raw materials and can be obtained by esterification reaction. Malonic acid is a substance with active carboxyl groups, while ethanol is a common alcohol. The two are heated under the action of a catalyst for esterification. In this process, the carboxyl group of malonic acid and the hydroxyl group of ethanol undergo dehydration and condensation, which is like a tenon-and-mortise fit to form diethylmethylmalonate and water. Commonly used catalysts are sulfuric acid, which can accelerate the reaction process, just like a piloting boat, so that the reaction moves forward smoothly.
Second, ethyl chloroacetate and sodium cyanide are used as starting materials. Ethyl chloroacetate first undergoes a nucleophilic substitution reaction with sodium cyanide, and the cyanyl group replaces the chlorine atom to form ethyl cyanoacetate. In this reaction, cyanide ions attack the electron-deficient center of ethyl chloroacetate like brave men. Then ethyl cyanoacetate is hydrolyzed and esterified, and finally the target product is obtained. When hydrolyzed, the cyanyl group is converted into a carboxyl group, which is like a phoenix nirvana; when esterified, the carboxyl group reacts with ethanol, such as a good relationship, to form diethylmethylmalonate.
Third, ethyl acetoacetate is used as the raw material. Ethyl acetoacetate is first decarboxylated to remove carbon dioxide from the carboxyl group, which is like a strong man breaking his wrist to form an enol intermediate. This intermediate is abnormally active, and then reacts with ethanol and related reagents. After a series of ingenious transformations, diethylmethylmalonate can also be obtained. In this process, the reaction steps are seamless, like a delicate chess game, planned step by step, and finally reached the goal.
All these numbers are the paths for synthesizing diethylmethylmalonate, each with its own advantages and disadvantages, and it is necessary to choose the best one according to the specific situation.
What are the precautions for Diethyl Malonate in storage and transportation?
Diethyl malonate (Diethyl Malonate), during storage and transportation, many matters must not be ignored.
First, it is related to the storage place. This substance should be placed in a cool, dry and well-ventilated place. Because the temperature is too high, it is easy to cause its volatilization to intensify, or even cause chemical reactions; and if the humidity is too high, it may cause moisture and deterioration, which will damage its quality. The temperature of the warehouse should be controlled within a specific range, not too high or too low. And it should be kept away from fire and heat sources to prevent the threat of open flames to ensure safety.
Second, in terms of packaging, care must also be taken. Packaging must be tight to prevent leakage. The packaging material selected, when it has good sealing and corrosion resistance, can resist the erosion of external factors. And on the packaging, the relevant warning labels should be clearly marked to make the contact clear its characteristics and potential dangers.
Third, when transporting, it is necessary to strictly abide by the relevant regulations. Transportation vehicles must be equipped with corresponding fire equipment and leakage emergency treatment equipment. During driving, the driver should not be slack, to ensure smooth transportation, to avoid violent vibration, impact, to prevent package damage, material leakage. Before and after transportation, carefully check the integrity of the package, and if there is any abnormality, deal with it immediately.
Fourth, this substance should not be mixed with oxidants, acids, alkalis and other substances. Due to its active chemical properties, contact with these substances can easily trigger chemical reactions, or cause serious accidents such as combustion and explosion. Only by properly isolating them from incompatible substances can the safety of storage and transportation be guaranteed.
In short, in the storage and transportation of diethylmethylmalonate, all details must be treated with caution, and no negligence should be made to ensure the safety of the process and the integrity of the substance.