On barbituric acid and its related concepts
Medical pharmacology, barbituric acid is also a genus of organic compounds. Its structure is unique. It is formed by the condensation of diethyl malonate and urea under the catalysis of sodium alcohol, and has the shape of cyclic hydrazide.

Although barbituric acid contains "acid" in the name, its acidity is weak. Because of the interaction between imino and carbonyl in its molecules, the distribution of electron clouds is different, which makes it difficult for hydrogen atoms to dissociate.

As for related concepts, barbiturates are derivatives of barbituric acid. Such drugs can obtain various pharmacological activities by modifying the structure of barbituric acid, such as introducing different substituents at its 5-position. Due to differences in the nature, size, and quantity of substituents, their fat solubility, onset speed, and duration of action all change. Those with high fat solubility are easy to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, and the onset is rapid; otherwise, it is slow.

also has the tautomerism phenomenon of barbituric acid. In solution, it can be tautomorphic in the form of ketone and enol. The enol type can be colored with ferric chloride test solution due to its phenolic hydroxyl properties. This property is often used to identify related compounds.

Monobarbital acid and its related concepts are of great significance in the field of medicine. Pharmacological research relies on this to deepen, and drug research and development is expanded accordingly. It is the key to pharmaceutical research and cannot be ignored.